India is an ancient civilization with thousands of years of history and continuity. The civilization could not have continued for so long without strong economic systems remaining as the foundation for its functioning and progress. Evidences indicate that India remained vibrant with economic activities from the earliest times. Moreover India was a pioneer in diverse walks of life, with original contributions of the highest order. As a result India remained a world leader till the nineteenth century. For all her prosperity, India had to suffer from the invasions and alien rulers for many centuries continuously. Later the English domination resulted in a systematic destruction of the time tested native systems. As a result the native management and leadership models suffered. Hence when India attained independence, she was a poor and underdeveloped country. During the recent years, the country has been fast emerging as a global power, in spite of lack of proper understanding of the functioning systems and the resultant neglect of nurturing and developing India-centric approaches. But all is not well as we have many serious things to do. At the same time, the western countries have been facing major problems at different levels. It is high time we recognized the functioning Indian models and developed new ones based on the ethos and realities of the country. This paper discusses management models based on Indian ethos with prime focus on leadership.

Gautam Buddha, the awakened soul showed the light to this world in sixth century B.C. and his teachings spread like fire in many parts of the world especially in Asia. He was an ethical and spiritual teacher who himself got enlightenment and told this world that sufferings and miseries are the part of the life and these sufferings can be overcome by individuals only through nirvana which is the state of enlightenment. This paper gives a brief overview of the life and teachings of Gautam Buddha and tries to highlight some of the important lessons which are extremely relevant for developing spiritual and ethical leadership. No attempt is made in this paper to present Buddhism as superior to other religions and philosophies.

Ethics in business is critical for long term success of any business organization. When it comes to business one of the core function in business is marketing. Marketing is the link between the organization and the outside world. Therefore, ethics in marketing becomes crucial from the point of view of business ethics. In this paper to understand marketing ethics an Islamic perspective is highlighted. If understood properly the teachings in Islam from the perspective of marketing ethics can provide the deep insights to the professionals who are involved in marketing function of business.

Though modern science is of relatively recent origin in human history, it has made very rapid progress and transformed outwardly the manner of our living. It is said that our life outwardly has changed more in the last one hundred years than it did earlier in thousands of years. And this is largely because of the scientific knowledge accumulated over the last three centuries, and its application in the form of technology. The impact of science on society is very visible; and the results of progress in agriculture, medicine and health care, telecommunications, transportation, computerization and so on, are part of our daily living.
Despite this progress in science, and the consequent development of technology and industry, with the attendant comforts as well as power, in no part of the world are human beings happy and at peace with themselves, living without violence. It was hoped that the development of science would usher in an era of peace and prosperity, but that has been belied. On the contrary, if we look at the level of violence throughout the world during successive ten-year periods since 1900, in every decade, in every country, the crime-graph continues to go up. What we see on the one hand is greater economic prosperity, but on the other, greater violence, sorrow, anxiety along with acute ecological imbalances and new diseases.
This paper explores that how the quest for wisdom with an inquiring mind in the spirit of science is necessary for humanity to develop the capacity to handle the knowledge which science is generating.

The paper aims to reveal the multifaceted yet cherished relation between spirituality and psychological wellbeing from contemporary perspectives. The reactivity hypothesis suggests that in the time of life threatening situations, pronounced, repeated or prolonged stress responses contribute to the etiology of hypertension, heart disease, infectious diseases and other illnesses. Studies indicate that spiritual/religious individuals experience a protective effect against the neuroendocrine consequences of stress in such conditions. People may experience and exercise spirituality as a resource to enhance psychological well-being that may lead to improve physiological mechanisms in their health problems. A number of reviews and meta-analyses of epidemiological, medical and psychological studies have provided important contributions to the study of spirituality/religiosity and health outcomes. Considering spiritual, metaphysical and health beliefs as an important ingredient of preventive, promotive and curative aspects of health behaviour, psychological studies of health, metaphysical and illness beliefs are briefly reviewed. Though broadly conceived measures of health and illness beliefs, and religious and spiritual commitment have been found to be related to outcomes of health of people in Indian as well as Western settings, less is known about the role of spiritual beliefs (aside from attendance in religious institutions) in the health behavior of people facing health problems in different circumstances of life. In contrast to looking at behavioral or structural aspects of religion such as participation in religious institutions, there is a need to take account of functional aspects of spirituality (e.g., coping strategies, belief systems in the cognitive frameworks) as a way to understand the mechanisms by which health outcomes of people may be influenced.

The author was the Chairman and Managing Director in Fertilizer Corporation of India Ltd., Hindustan Fertilizer Corporation Ltd., Paradeep Phosphate Ltd. and Fertilizers and Chemicals Travancore Ltd., Chairman of Oman India Fertilizer Company Ltd. and Managing Director of Krishak Bharati Cooperative Ltd. In this paper the author has made an effort to explain the concept of spirituality and ethics as understood by him and emphasize that how that understanding of spirituality and ethics helped him in bringing out the transformations in the above mentioned organizations when he got the opportunity of leading these organizations.

Swami Vivekananda in a short life of 39 years left such an impression on this world that the relevance of his teachings looks as contemporary today as they seemed hundred years ago. He was a spiritual and enlightened soul who showed this world that we all as human beings have infinite capacities and the nurturing of these capacities should be the goal of everybody. These infinite capacities can be realized by acquiring higher knowledge. Swamiji travelled throughout the world and taught the ideal of the ‘man-making and character-building’. He propagated the message of Vedanta philosophy and also established Ramakrishna Mission. This paper is an attempt to extract some aspects from Swami Vivekananda teachings which can have great relevance for developing ethical and spiritual leadership.

Indian society has come a long way. Ancient Culture of India is if full of spiritual and ethical values. In those times, Kings and rulers used to refer Upanishads and Vedas to take guidelines for ideal practices and decision making. Today such kingdoms have converted into business empires where business leaders make decisions that impact the business and the society as a whole. As Business organizations play a vital role in the management of demand and supply in the society at one side and provide employment opportunities on the other to allow the people to possess purchasing power, it is therefore, important for them to follow ethical codes and understand their true social responsibilities other than their financial obligations towards shareholders and financers.

With this view, this paper explores the changing phases of leadership and social responsibility from kings to current Indian business leaders. May be, it not a fresh thought on this topic but the authors have tried to showcase the current practices followed by various companies to discharge their social responsibilities towards the society.

In today’s scenario, the greed for earning more profits or increasing the share value in the market is leading to corporate scams of various types and dimensions such as financial statement frauds. The motive may be different for different organization but ultimately these companies are creating social stigma on the face of the country and are playing with the faith of investors. This paper has identified some of the major scams in the history of the world and reason for the same. This paper also highlights current black situation of today’s corporate world. In this paper a new strategy has been proposed for the controlling of such corporate scams in future.

This paper aims at highlighting the fact that unethical behaviours of leaders can be stopped not by focusing on the improvement of the systems in which leaders operate rather the focus should be on cleaning of the souls of the leaders. This paper attempts to describe why focus should be on the leader instead of focusing on the systems to avoid unethical behaviour of leaders, why leaders behave unethically, what is ethical leadership, and how leaders can transform themselves to become ethical leaders.

Islam is a complete scientific system of living life. It guides the mankind to eradicate their sufferings from all perspectives like social, economical, legal, ethical, political, religious etc. The subject of leadership is crucial in Islam. At one place Prophet Muhammad (Saw) said,“ When three are on a journey, they should appoint one of them as their commander.”(Abu Daud, 2:721, Chapter 933, hadith 2602). The Holy Quran also emphasizes the essentiality of leadership as a wish of Allah. Allah says in Quran,”And We made them leaders guiding (men) by Our Command and We sent them inspiration to do good deeds, to establish regular prayers and to practice regular charity; and they constantly served Us (and Us only)” (Al Qur’an1, Anbiyaa, 21: 73). Islam as a complete code of life has a set of vision, principles, procedure, and guidelines for managers to govern the human resources of any organization in efficient and effective manner. Leadership in Islam is a trust (amanah). It shows a psychological contract between a leader and his followers that he will give his best to guide them, to protect them and to treat them fairly and with justice.
This paper aims to identify the concept of managerial leadership through Islamic perspective, shows the differences between a western and Islamic leadership approach. It also points out the essential and secondary attributes of a good manager from Islamic point of view, explains Managerial Grid through Islam. This paper also signifies the development of an Islamic Leadership Model.