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Consciousness -
the New Paradigm for Surmounting Global Management Crisis
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Sri Sri Shuddhaanandaa
Brahmachari, Founder-Lokenath Divine Life Mission |
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In creating this new World Order based on the fundamentals of Universal Law of Spiritual
Oneness, the Management Sciences have to rise to the occasion, accept the responsibility,
spiritualize the system and grow from within to manifest the infinite potentials of human
excellence.
This article embodies the principles of the ascended masters who realized the wisdom and
enlightened the world. It is a tribute to their teachings and also an endeavor to fill the
ethereal space with a positive note for the trying time ahead.
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Ancient Wisdom…A Paradigm Shift for Modern
Management
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Swami Satya Vedanta
Osho Nisarga Foundation, Dharamshala |
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Corporations, educators, bureaucrats and all those who carry a heavy workload around the
world are increasingly questioning the same paradigms of efficiency, goal achievement,
control and analysis, hierarchy and authority for finding more human and wisdom oriented
strategies. It is now being recognized that the mind management or the self management is
central to managerial qualities and responsibilities. Wisdom from the ancient sources can
be of immense help in gaining the required clarity for experiencing the joy of management. A
New Manager with the help of wisdom and meditation can release blocked physical and
emotional energy allowing one to attain greater health, inner peace and professional
success.
If one can spend money to learn tennis or golf from a renowned coach, why can't he pay it to
someone who shows him the techniques of yoga, meditation, or such spiritual methods that
help him experience peace, joy, and creativity?
The problem is in the perception that spirituality is possible only through poverty. As such,
though, spirituality has nothing to do either with poverty or affluence. It is a part of that
hierarchy of needs - what Abraham Maslow calls the need for self-actualization. It is a
reflection of the fact that even after having satisfied one's material and psychological needs
one still feels certain emptiness. A human is essentially an unfinished product, incomplete.
Spirituality opens up avenues to bring a completion, a sort of closure to one's evolutionary
growth. It is a journey that leads to actualizing one's hidden potential.
More we become aware of our basic paradigms, our perceptions, our insights which sustain
our worldview, the more we take responsibility for those paradigms - examine, experiment
with them for the larger individual and collective good. In human life 'being' affects our
'seeing'; what we see shows what we are; what we see, and what we are, affects what we do.
Wisdom consists of life sustaining principles of awareness; they are the laws we need to
follow to exist, to live, and to grow- materially and spiritually. They often gather dust, often
disappear. They need to be brought out of oblivion.
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Spirituality: A key Factor to Achieve Sustainability Through
the Empowerment of Compassionate/Altruistic Managers
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Yamuna Sandrine
Bonin, Research Associate, Department of Social Work, Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri Campus
Rajiv Prasad, Associate Professor, School of Business, Amrita Vishwa
Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore Campus |
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Economy has been largely discussed but its essence is scarcely embodied in management.
Its etymology means dharmic management with the main idea of using sparingly, taking the
right share. Actual economic paradigm, lifeblind and greedy, is contradictory with these
dharmic aspects. Green economy and responsible practices are also showing limitations to
achieve sustainability. They are not in tune with the need to reduce material throughput as
expressed by the Club of Rome 40 years ago and advocated by steady state economists and
degrowth movement. A sustainable paradigm of management clearly needs to affirm its
responsibility towards society and recognize the central role of nature. Four sustainability
principles have been scientifically defined, based on laws of Nature and Physics.
In such a challenge, only spiritual values can help. Spirituality which is positively
associated to individual and organizational well-being certainly brings more righteousness
and altruism through life interconnectedness, vision, and compassion. It indicates the way
to material reduction with values such as non- violence, non-acquisitiveness and
contentment. Indian tradition prescribed the balancing of four purusharthas - dharma,
artha, kama & moksha - as an ideal way of directing oneself which automatically led to an
ethical life, both individually and collectively. It is perhaps time to have a re-look at this
model in order to draw lessons for modern management.
Even though this new paradigm seems utopian, there is a potential to empower
compassionate/altruistic managers. Spirituality may strengthen managers on certain life
skills such as decision making, empathy, coping with emotions and stress. A recent study has
shown that students who are highly spiritual and religious have a better perception of their
psychological, social and cognitive skills. This potential needs to be studied more
thoroughly to identify how spirituality is creating favorable circumstances to achieve
sustainability.
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Our Conditioned
World
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Paul Forster, Adjunct
Associate Professor, Division of Environment and Division of Management
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology |
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Consumption is the product of a lifetime of conditioning. Conditioning is very powerful.
When our conditioned habits aggregate into organizations, institutions and culture they
harden in our minds and become solid, real and immutable stories. For those living inside
the stories it's almost impossible to envision a world operating under different rules. In
business, we have created stories about market growth, market share, competition,
globalization, efficient supply chains, short product life cycles, competition, continuous
economic growth, etc.. These are the stories that drive our business paradigms. Our
propensity to truck, barter and trade in a world of finite resources is leading to the logical
outcome of depleted resources, lives of unsatisfied insatiable accumulation, disastrous
poverty for the majority, and devastation of the gifts of our planet. This essay examines how
our business paradigms aren't cast in stone but socially constructed artifacts. And that they
create a web of conditioning that touches many parts of our lives. Assumptions about the
natural environment are buried in our business paradigms of mass production and
consumption. We discuss how awareness of our conditioning, briefly using the lens of
Buddhist dependent origination, is a first necessary step towards constructive change in
business practices.
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Transformation
of Collective Spiritual Consciousness using Information Technology
– The Case Study of Radiosai
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S.Sathyanarayanan,
Information Scientist, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning,
Brindavan Campus
N.Sivakumar, Assistant Professor, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher
Learning, Brindavan Campus |
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The 21st century has become globalized due to adoption of Information Technology (IT) in
every sphere of life. It has revolutionized communication and commerce and interconnected
the globe. It has given humans the ability to connect with people around the globe. But the
misuse of IT has also alienated humankind from its own true nature, because humans are
essentially spiritual beings.
Due to immense potential, IT has the ability to enable the spiritual transformation of people
to ensure that their actions are righteous and hence bring them closer to God and nature.
One of best examples of spiritual transformation through IT is that of 'RadioSai', an
integrated spiritual portal. It has played a valuable and irreplaceable role in the spreading
the Spiritual message of Bhagavan Sri Sathya Sai Baba, worshipped by millions of people
throughout the world. RadioSai is now a lifeline for many people to connect to their master
and to their inner spiritual self.
The endeavour of the current paper is to study the impact of RadioSai on the Spiritual
transformation of people across the world. The paper highlights how IT can be used for
achieving spiritual transformation of the human beings spread across the globe by
impacting the collective global consciousness.
The paper is structured as follows. After discussing the history of RadioSai, the paper details
the various aspects of RadioSai and gives the various technical details explaining the use of
IT in RadioSai. Later, the paper analysis in detail the impact of RadioSai and finally gives
lessons for IT managers for spiritually purposeful use of information technology.
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For Creating Unity
and Oneness in Organizations: Understanding Oneness Behaviors in Organizations
from the Perspective of Integrative Self-Knowledge and Organizational
Citizenshi p Behavior
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Duysal Askun Çelik,
Assistant Professor, Istanbul Bilim University, Turkey |
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For healthy and effective
organizations, there has to be a unity in diversity which is sometimes
termed as "Oneness", characterized by a mysterious spiritual and
emotional bond between people (Hung, 2006). Related to Oneness principle,
there is actually no "Other" but "We". In the same line of thought,
when you see no other, you help and support the correspondent no
matter what his or her position/race/religion. As a concept, Organizational
Citizenship Behavior (OCB) seems to have common attitudinal and
behavioral aspects (Organ & Ryan, 1995) such as Consideration of
others and Altruism. There have been many attempts to understand
OCB from dispositional and attitudinal perspectives. Usually, the
personality factors have been argued to be indirect contributors
to the construct. Instead, attitudinal contributors such as job
satisfaction and commitment have been found to have a strong link.
In this study, a personal attitudinal domain, integrative self-knowledge
(Ghorbani, Cunningham, & Watson, 2010) which is said to include
"an ongoing sense of self-awareness" and "stable mental representations"
(Robins, Norem, & Cheek, 1999; as cited in Ghorbani, Watson, & Hargis,
2008) will be explored. As a feature of positive psychology, Ghorbani
et al. (2008) argue that selfknowledge research has promise in promoting
an understanding of psychological wellbeing across cultures. A psychologically
healthy individual is said to be integrated in mind, body and soul;
with no energy leakage from any disintegrated parts. Therefore,
integrative self-knowledge will be treated as an independent variable
regarding its predictive value for OCB and also the exploratory
dependent variable Oneness Behavior in a sample of working population
from different industries. By exploring the link between these concepts,
this study will try to explain how individual variables contribute
to the organizational effectiveness and healthiness as a whole,
including our Global situation. As Ritchlin (2010) points out: "From
the perspective of the global mind, our collective historical moment
brings us to a bifurcation point of great magnitude and import that
calls upon the inner integrity of each of us-our "inner sage"-to
respond with care to the subtlest beginnings of what is to come".
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Role of Spiritual
Leaders in Conflict Management: A Historical Perspective
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Jannatul Maoa,
Department of World Religions & Culture Dhaka University, Dhaka,
Bangladesh |
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Frequently the word "management" is known to relate to the running of economic
enterprises. But this is too narrow and prejudiced view, especially when we are dealing with
a comprehensive and deep theme as the role of Spiritual Leadership in conflict management.
There is a famous Sanskrit dictum: "svarat samrat bhavati" which means one who can rule
or govern oneself can also direct others well. That is, the ideal leader exercises leadership
upon him or her in the first place. This requires bringing forth the hidden Spirit being of the
leader into the forefront of his or her personality. Then only he or she becomes authorized to
lead others. Such capability is more basic than professional competence and skills. The
latter are essential but secondary. The legendary (puranic) kings of ancient India have been
called Rajarshi that means a king plus a sage. In this holistic model, the schism between the
secular and the sacred vanishes (the king is the secular aspect, rishi the sacred). In managing the conflicts of modern world we are in needed this type of Spirit-Centered Leaders.
An expanded interpretation of spirituality in conflict management is proposed
below. While management will be correctly and wisely understood as such a process for
running our affairs this is consciously founded on this continuity right through the entire
cosmic chain. Only then Spirituality in management can turn into a sensible and fruitful
engagement. In the present article we will try to find out the actions of our spiritual leaders
in conflict management from the historical perspective.
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Role of Teachers
and Educational Institutions in Value Based Higher Education
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Sanjay Banerji,
Professor Emeritus, Amrita School of Business, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
University, Coimbatore
Rajiv Prasad, Associate Professor, Amrita School of Business, Amrita
Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore |
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Greed is believed to be at the root of the current crisis. Modern education system's failure to
impart ethical values is partly to blame. Spiritual principles of selfless service hold the
promise of a solution. Teachers can play a crucial role. They have an opportunity to help
shape the character of students. This paper examines the teaching - learning process from
Indian spiritual perspectives, to try and find some potential solutions for the current moral
crisis. We discuss teacher-student relationship in an institutional setting with the case study
of Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, a university founded and guided by the great spiritual and
humanitarian leader Mata Amritanandamayi Devi. Amrita follows practices inspired by the
exalted values of the rich Indian spiritual tradition like joint prayer by the teachers and
students before starting the classes, teaching lofty human values through formal courses,
inculcating values like service to the mother land, mankind and nature, with love, trust,
tolerance and humility. We report on the methodologies adopted and the results achieved so
far. We also cite other practices like "Stilling the Mind" taught by Prof. S K Chakraborty at
IIM Calcutta and offer the authors' experience in following these practices.
According to Mata Amritanandamayi, the Chancellor of Amrita University, the solution lies
only in two words: "Love and Serve". In her message on the World Peace Day (September
21, 2004), she said,
"Amma has a desire that everyone in the world should be able to sleep without fear, at least
for one night. Everyone should be able to eat to his fill, at least for one day. There should be
at least one day when hospitals see no one admitted due to violence. By doing selfless service
for at least one day, everyone should help the poor and needy. It is Amma's prayer that at
least this small dream be realized."
We believe that such teachings from spiritual leaders have a lot to offer the modern world.
Teachers can play a significant role by embracing these values. Finally, we look at global
and national norms of teaching excellence, and relate them with the above thoughts.
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Sustainable Model
of Organizational Management in the Perspectives of Islam: A Study
based on Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
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Noufal P.K, Human
Welfare Foundation, New Delhi
Sharnas Muthu Thacharupadikkal, Research Scholar, Department of Social
Work, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi |
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In pursuit for success leaders have been searching for effective management theories and
practices. They tend to explore both modern management style and ancient management
experiences and ideologies that exist in the history. The recent management crises call for
sustainable models based on ethical management practices and paradigms which bring
peace and prosperity across the world. Islam being the comprehensive code of life for the
betterment of humanity provides principles and practical guidelines in this matter
Islamic perspectives of management encompass the dimensions of belief in Allah (God) and
the motivation of which is not restricted to monetary and material incentives but includes
spiritual incentives. The major concern of Islamic management is to provide new ways and
means of problem solving and better allocation of resources. Islamic school of management
has existed in practice since the beginning of Islam and it had outperformed other school of
management during the heights of Islamic civilizations. Historically unique success of
Prophet Muhammed induces Micheal Hart to consider him as the most influential man in
history.
Management is defined as getting things done through others. The Holy Quran Confirm:
…..we raise some them above others in rank, so that some may command work from
others…. (43:32). This encompasses the philosophy and wisdom of Islamic management.
Man being social, needs organizations for the achievement of goals. And the success is
dependent on quality of management following a common culture. This culture is based on
some values and beliefs such as justice, reward, participation, dignity, unity of purpose,
responsibility and accountability, efficiency, mercy etc.
Jama at E Islami Hind is an organization existing since 1948 based on the Islamic ideology.
Its structure is based on its belief which follows the concept of unity of all mankind, the
purposefulness of man's life, and universality of way of life. Its culture and structure are
paradigm for organizational management on the basis of its philosophy.
The present paper aims to reveals the Islamic principles and approach to management. It
explores how these principles were applied in the journey of Jama at E Islami Hind. And will
also help to provide a sustainable model of management for surmounting management
crisis.
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Approaching Decision-Making
from a Dharmic Perspective |
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V.Adinarayanan,
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
V.Smrithi Rekha, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham |
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The world is witnessing unprecedented crises on many fronts of human endeavor like
economic, political, environmental, social and personal. These crises are, in one sense,
an effect of decisions made individually or collectively either in the recent past or
bygone eras. These decisions arise from the decision-making models followed, which in
turn are rooted in the perspective offered by the culture of the land.
Now researchers and thought leaders are revisiting the decision models with the aim
of making them more holistic, i.e. as multidimensional as possible. We see how
decision-making models have evolved from simplistic uni-objective models to multiobjective
and multivariate models that include uncertainty as an underlying
assumption.
Given this context, in our work we approach decision-making from a dharmic
perspective. By dharmic we mean the Hindu, Buddhist, Jain and Sikh traditions. We explore
how the perspective adopted impacts decision making and the consequences of the
decisions made. We have followed a multi-pronged approach. Initially, we critique the
western models of decision making. In doing this we observe that the dharmic way of
decision-making presupposes the features of multidimensionality and uncertainty. In other
words, these features are endogenous to the dharmic way of decision-making whereas
they are exogenous in the western way. In addition to this, the dharmic way
recognizes how the qualities of the decision-maker impact the decisions and hence lays
emphasis on the refinement of these qualities. For instance, the idea of citta-shuddhi
(purification of consciousness) is considered important.
Based on the critique and comparison we propose a model of decision-making
inspired by dharmic perspective, specifically, from Indian philosophy and psychology.
We base this model on aspects like embodied knowing, collectivity, reflection and
contemplation and application of tarka (debate) and vada (discussion).
The intended benefit of our work is to understand the gaps in the current decision-making
processes that lead to crises. We achieve this by changing the perspective from western to
dharmic. This leads to the refinement of the instruments of decision-making that will impact
collective well-being.
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Spirituality ,
a Path to Inner Culture: A Pragmatic Response to Contemporary Waste
Land
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Veerendra Kumar
Mishra,Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Santosh Kumar, Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social
Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee |
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The diachronic history of epistemic formation and discourse creation has inextricably and
inexorably embedded into the changing economic condition of the contemporary reality. In
fact, the entire epoch of late nineteenth century to mid twentieth century has been one of the
periods of a great political and economic turmoil and upheaval. The unprecedented history
of imperialism, dictatorship, materialism along with unsurmounting capitalism has brought
in a great panorama of futility and anarchy which has become the history of the
contemporary world that is further espoused by Darwin through the survival of the fittest by
muting the words of Kropotkin's principle of mutual aid. The contemporary system of
capitalism has been brought in as an antithesis to feudal economy and it has given rise to the
phenomena of Utilitarianism. The entire philosophical apodosis of Utilitarianism provides
us with different forms of looking at reality and human life- existence. The paper
meticulously looks into the uncanny and inscrutable yet a remarkable relationship between
capitalistic growth and spiritual waste land and cultural decay as has candidly been avered
by one of the remarkable poets, T.S. Eliot. He in his The Waste Land (1922) articulates:
Here is no water but only rock
Rock and no water and the sandy road
…Sweat is dry and feet are in sand
…Here one can neither stand nor lie nor sit. (Lines 330-340)
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Corporatism: the
Islamic Model |
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Ali Abu-Rahma,
Associate Dean, Graduate Studies, Abu Dhabi University, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates
Khadijah Abu-Rahma, Faculty, Abu Dhabi University, Al Ain, United
Arab Emirates |
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What is corporatism? In the current global climate, world leaders and ordinary people
alike are asking themselves this question. In light of the global financial crisis in 2008 and,
more recently, the worldwide protests against major corporations, individuals across the
globe are demanding solutions for a problem that is not easily defined. This conceptual
paper will define and discuss the theory of corporatism, it's evolution to the current climate,
the social ills it has spurred, and introduce an Islamic Corporate Model. The conceptual
model would, if implemented, solve many of the challengesaffecting the world due to current
immoral business practices. Too often religion is immediately disregarded as a source of
knowledge and inspiration for solving modern-day problems. This paper seeks to show,
discuss, and explain how Islam serves a practical purpose in all aspects of business life and
how integrating the proposed modelwould benefit the global society. This paper intends to
present a framework which canbe practically applied and provide accessibleanswers to the
growing problems of business immorality.
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